History
History notes for upsc and other exams, which we believe our aspirants should not skip.
Indian National Army And INA Trials – Explained. UPSC History
Indian National Army, also known as the Azad Hind Fauj, was a military wing of the Free India Provincial Government formed during World War II to fight against British rule in India. It not only fostered the mindset of national unity but also challenged the British government with the help of Japan.
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Battle of Colachel : How Travancore Stunned Dutch Power. UPSC History
Battle of Colachel in 1741, where the Travancore army under King Anizham Thirunal Marthanda Varma fought against the Dutch East India Company, marked a significant turning point in India’s history by defeating them. Colachel was the first war in which an organised Asian power defeated a European power like the Dutch.
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History And Evolution Of Ancient Indian Coins. UPSC history
The earliest literary and archaeological evidence of coinage in ancient India dates from the seventh to fifth century B.C. Before, people used barter systems for trade. The Harappans used extensive trade with barter, and in fact, there is no consensus on the monetary value of Harappan seals. Later Vedic texts mention Suvarna and Shatamana, but we cannot consider them as full-fledged coins. The Buddhist text Ashtadhyayi refers to terms like Kahapana and pada. They can be compared with metal pieces with monetary value. The basic unit of the Indian coin weight system was a red and black seed of Gunja berry or Abrus precatorius or Ratti. In south India, Manjadi seed was used instead of Gunja berry.
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English East India Company- A Voyage To Dominance. UPSC History
English East India Company was an English venture started by a group of English merchants based in London to trade with the east in 1600. This joint stock company initiated the expansion of British imperialism to the east. Thomas Aldworth secured a grant from Jahangir and established the first factory at Surat. The first English man to reach India was Thomas Stephens. He came to Goa in 1579.
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Virakal or Hero Stone The Monuments of Valor And Sacrifice Explained. UPSC
Herostone or Virakal are memorial stones erected to recognise and worship the valour of a person or a group of persons. Hundreds of inscribed and uninscribed hero stones are found in different parts of southern India. The highest number of hero stones or memorial stones are found in Karnataka. In Tolkappium and Manimekhalai, there are references to stone chambers for dead persons.
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Republics in ancient india ganas and sanghas upsc history
Ganas or sanghas are oligarchies or autonomous clans that existed in ancient India. In this system, a large number of people participate in the governance of the state. The ancient system of ganas was not a true democracy but followed a different form of administration compared to monarchial states.
The power to rule was in the hands of heads of leading Kshatriya families. The chief was known as Ganapathi, Saghamukya, or Ganaraja.
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The Rise and Fall of Dutch Empire In India. Explained
Dutch were the first protestant nation in Europe to reach India via sea. Later, they challenged the trade monopoly of the Portuguese, established their empire and explored all possibilities of trade with India.
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The history of the Bahmani Sultanate or Bahmani Kingdom. Explained. UPSC History
During the rule of Muhammad bin Tughlak, the amirs of the Deccan revolted, declared their independence and formed a new Deccan kingdom called Bahmani Sultanate or Bahmini kingdom.
As per the order of Sultan Muhammad bin Tughlaq, the governor of Daulatabad was forced to send “amir of the hundred” or “Amir-i-sadahs” or “centurions.” under escort to Broach. On their way, they received news of the sultan’s merciless killing of the amirs of Malwa province.
Greek invasion of India or Alexander the Great’s invasion of India. UPSC History
After the death of Mahapadma Nanda, an important event in the history of ancient India happened, i.e. the Greek invasion of India. In the spring of 327 B.C. (in some books, it is 326 B.C.), the Indian subcontinent was invaded by the famous Macedonian king and the conqueror of the ancient world, Alexander the Great. This Macedonian invasion brought many changes. For example, Alexander’s invasion opened communication between India and the Western countries.
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Integration of Travancore
When the British announced their exit from India, some princely states created trouble for Sardar Vallabai Patel and his team. Under its able diwan, Sir C.P. Ramaswami Iyer, Travancore was the first state to question the right of Congress to succeed the British. This spices-rich state was strategically placed at the extreme south of the […]
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